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Low-cost and high-resolution on-chip microscopes are vital for reducing cost and improving efficiency for modern biomedicine and bioscience. Despite the needs, the conventional microscope design has proven difficult to miniaturize. I will present our work on the first implementation and application of two high-resolution, lensless and fully on-chip microscopes based on the optofluidic microscopy (OFM) method. These systems abandon the conventional microscope design, which requires expensive lenses and large space to magnify images, and instead utilizes microfluidic flow to deliver specimens across array(s) of micron-size apertures defined on a metal-coated CMOS sensor to generate direct projection images. The first system utilizes a gravity-driven microfluidic flow for sample scanning and is suited for imaging elongate objects, such as Caenorhabditis elegans; and the second system employs an electrokinetic drive for flow control and is suited for imaging cells and other spherical/ellipsoidal objects. The optofluidic microscope design, readily fabricable with existing semiconductor and microfluidic technologies, offers low cost and highly compact imaging solutions. More functionalities, such as on-chip phase and fluorescence imaging, can also be readily adapted into OFM systems. We anticipate that OFM can significantly address a range of biomedical and bioscience needs as well as engender new microscope applications.
Xiquan Cui is currently a PhD candidate in Electrical Engineering at Caltech. He obtained his B.E. and M.S. in Optical & Electrical Engineering from Zhejiang University, China in 2003, and obtained his M.S. of Physics from Portland State University in 2005. He was interested in many research areas, and worked on a variety of projects in electronics, optics, MEMS and nanotechnology. At present, he is working on developing innovative bio-imaging techniques at the Biophotonics group at Caltech.
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